Pharmacist-Led PEP/PrEP
A Comprehensive HIV Prevention Guide
Decision summary: Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) using antiretroviral therapy to prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.
Twice-yearly lenacapavir or daily F/TAF for HIV prevention in cisgender women.
Bekker LG, et al. N Engl J Med. 2024 Jul 24. Epub ahead of print.
HIV-related mistrust (or HIV conspiracy theories) and willingness to use PrEP among Black women in the United States.
Ojikutu BO, et al. AIDS Behav. 2020;24(10):2927-2934.
Antiretroviral prophylaxis for HIV prevention in heterosexual men and women.
Baeten JM, et al. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(5):399-410.
Stigma, medical mistrust, and perceived racism may affect PrEP awareness and uptake in black compared to white gay and bisexual men in Jackson, Mississippi and Boston, Massachusetts.
Cahill S, et al. AIDS Care. 2017;29(11):1351-1358.
Antiretroviral prophylaxis for HIV infection in injecting drug users in Bangkok, Thailand (the Bangkok Tenofovir Study): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial.
Choopanya K, et al. Lancet. 2013;381(9883):2083-2090.
Assessing the efficacy and feasibility of a retail pharmacy-based HIV testing program.
Collins BC, et al. Presented at: Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI); February 13-17, 2017; Seattle, WA. Abstract 962.
Community pharmacy delivered PrEP to STOP HIV transmission: an opportunity NOT to miss!
Lopez MI, et al. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2020;60(4):e18-e24.
Why don’t patients take their drugs? The role of communication, context and culture in patient adherence and the work of the pharmacist in HIV/AIDS.
Penn C, et al. Patient Educ Couns. 2011;83(3):310-318.
4 findings from a successful HIV PrEP program.
Ross M. Pharm Times.
Drug database: emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide.
HIV.gov.
Drug database: emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate.
HIV.gov.
Drug database: cabotegravir.
HIV.gov.
Being PrEPared—preexposure prophylaxis and HIV disparities.
Goldstein RH, et al. N Engl J Med. 2018;379(14):1293-1295.
Lifetime risk of a diagnosis of HIV infection in the United States.
Hess KL, et al. Ann Epidemiol. 2017;27(4):238-243.
Cabotegravir for HIV prevention in cisgender men and transgender women.
Landovitz RJ, et al; HPTN 083 Study Team. N Engl J Med. 2021;385(7):595-608.
Emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide vs emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (DISCOVER): primary results from a randomised, double-blind, multicentre, active-controlled, phase 3, non-inferiority trial.
Mayer KH, et al. Lancet. 2020;396(10246):239-254.
Implementation of a community pharmacy-based pre-exposure prophylaxis service: a novel model for pre-exposure prophylaxis care.
Tung EL, et al. Sex Health. 2018;15(6):556-561.
HIV testing in community pharmacies and retail clinics: a model to expand access to screening for HIV infection.
Weidle PJ, et al. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2014;54(5):486-492.
HealthHIV.
HIV Prevention Certified Provider™ Certification Program.
Clinical Practice Guidelines
Preexposure prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV infection in the United States—2021 update. A clinical practice guideline.
US Public Health Service. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Sexually transmitted infections treatment guidelines, 2021.
Workowski KA et al. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2021 Jul 23;70(4):1-187.
Updated guidelines for antiretroviral postexposure prophylaxis after sexual, injection drug use, or other nonoccupational exposure to HIV—United States, 2016.
CDC Stacks. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
The Fenway Guide to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Health. 2nd ed.
Makadon HJ, et al; American College of Physicians, eds. Boston, MA: Fenway Health; 2015.
Antiretroviral drugs for treatment and prevention of HIV infection in adults: 2020 recommendations of the International Antiviral Society—USA Panel.
Saag MS, et al. JAMA. 2020;324(16):1651-1669.
ASHP guidelines on pharmacist involvement in HIV care.
Schafer JJ, et al. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2016;73(7):468-494.
Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in adults and adolescents living with HIV.
HIV.gov. Last updated January 2022.
HIV language guide.
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.
CDC Clinical guidelines on the use of doxycycline postexposure prophylaxis for bacterial sexually transmitted infection prevention, United States, 2024.
Bachmann LH, et al. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2024;73(2):1–8.
USPSTF recommends PrEP using effective antiretroviral therapy in adults and adolescents at high risk for HIV.
Zar FA. Ann Intern Med. 2023;176(12):JC134.
Professional ORGANIZATIONS & Resources
American Academy of HIV Medicine.
AIDS Education & Training Center Program: National Coordinating Resource Center.
Provides consultation, training, and resources nationwide.
A guide to taking a sexual history.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Basic statistics.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
HIV testing.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
HIV testing in retail pharmacies (training for pharmacists and pharmacy staff).
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Taking routine histories of sexual health: a system-wide approach for health centers.
National LGBTQIA+ Health Education Center.
Ending the HIV epidemic: Ready, Set, PrEP!
US Department of Health and Human Services.
About. Please PrEP Me.
Both professional and patient resources, as well as a state-by-state list of PrEP resources in all 50 states.
Preexposure prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV infection in the United States—2021 update. Clinical providers’ supplement.
US Public Health Service. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
National Clinician Consultation Center.
University of California, San Francisco.
HIV drug interactions.
University of Liverpool.
Sexual history taking toolkit.
TargetHIV.
PATIENT RESOURCES
HIV basics.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Prevention for women. Resources on HIV prevention for US women.
HIVE online.
HIV resources.
National Institutes of Health.
Positively Aware.
Positively Aware, created by TPAN (Test Positive Aware Network), is a source of HIV-treatment news for consumers, as well as an educational tool for HIV caregivers. The site features PrEP resources, including videos for men who have sex with men and transgender people.
UCSF transgender care.
University of California, San Francisco.
Pharmacist-Led PEP/PrEP
A Comprehensive HIV Prevention Guide
| Faculty: | Arsalan "RC" Shah, PharmD, MBA ; Melissa Badowski, PharmD, MPH, FCCP, BCIDP, BCPS |
| Release: | 10/04/2024 |
| Expiration: | 10/04/2025 |
Test Your Skills
Providing PEP/PrEP in the Pharmacy Setting
| Faculty: | Arsalan "RC" Shah, PharmD, MBA |
| Release: | 10/04/2024 |
| Expiration: | 10/04/2025 |
