
Clinical Issues in Type 2 Diabetes
Discussions and Debates Around GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
Meeting Slides

Guidelines
Standards of medical care in diabetes—2015.
The ADA’s Standards of Care provide clinicians, patients, researchers, payers, and other interested individuals with the components of good diabetes management, general treatment goals, and tools to evaluate the quality of care. Importantly, these recommendations should be adjusted based on individual preferences, comorbidities, and other patient-related factors.
American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care. 2015;38(suppl 1):S1-S94.
AACE/ACE comprehensive diabetes management algorithm 2015.
This algorithm from the AACE addresses evaluating the whole patient, potential risks and complications, and evidence-based treatment approaches for diabetes. The document contains sections on obesity, prediabetes, hyperglycemia therapy (lifestyle modifications, pharmacotherapy, and insulin), hypertension management, hyperlipidemia treatment, and other risk-reduction strategies.
Garber AJ, Abrahamson MJ, Barzilay JI, et al. Endocr Pract. 2015;21(4):438-447.
Patient Resource
Diabetes HealthSense
Provides easy access to resources to help patients live well and meet their goals—whether they have diabetes or are at risk for the disease.
Suggested Readings
Initial combination therapy with metformin, pioglitazone and exenatide is more effective than sequential add-on therapy in subjects with new-onset diabetes. Results from the Efficacy and Durability of Initial Combination Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes (EDICT): a randomized trial
Abdul-Ghani MA, Puckett C, Triplitt C, et al. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2015;17(3):268-275
Is insulin the most effective injectable antihyperglycaemic therapy?
Buse JB, Peters A, Russell-Jones D, et al. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2015;17(2):145-151
Risk of cardiac arrhythmias during hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk
Chow E, Bernjak A, Williams S, et al. Diabetes. 2014;63(5):1738-1747
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist or bolus insulin with optimized basal insulin in type 2 diabetes
Diamant M, Nauck MA, Shaginian R, et al. Diabetes Care. 2014;37(10):2763-2773
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist and basal insulin combination treatment for the management of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Eng C, Kramer CK, Zinman B, Retnakaran R. Lancet. 2014;384(9961):2228-2234
Efficacy and safety of a fixed-ratio combination of insulin degludec and liraglutide (IDegLira) compared with its components given alone: results of a phase 3, open-label, randomised, 26-week, treat-to-target trial in insulin-naive patients with type 2 diabetes
Gough SC, Bode B, Woo V, et al. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2014;2(11):885-893
Central effects of GLP-1: new opportunities for treatments of neurodegenerative diseases
Hölscher C. J Endocrinol. 2014;221(1):T31-T41
Incretins and the intensivist: what are they and what does an intensivist need to know about them?
Plummer MP, Chapman MJ, Horowitz M, Deane AM. Crit Care. 2014;18(1):205
Benefits of exenatide on obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with elevated liver enzymes in patients with type 2 diabetes
Shao N, Kuang HY, Hao M, Gao XY, Lin WJ, Zou W. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2014;30(6):521-529
Using real-world data to evaluate the association of incretin-based therapies with risk of acute pancreatitis: a meta-analysis of 1,324,515 patients from observational studies
Wang T, Wang F, Gou Z, et al. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2015;17(1):32-41
Five-year efficacy and safety data of exenatide once weekly: long-term results from the DURATION-1 randomized clinical trial
Wysham CH, MacConell LA, Maggs DG, Zhou M, Griffin PS, Trautmann ME. Mayo Clin Proc. 2015;90(3):356-365

Scientific Insights Into Incretin Signaling and Type 2 Diabetes
Vivian Fonseca, MD, FRCP
Discussions and Debates Around GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
Relevant Resources
Mechanism-Based Strategies to Achieve Patient-Centered Care
Patient-Centered Management of Hyperglycemia in Primary Care
Integrating GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Into Multimodal Treatment Regimens
Translating Research Into Practice
Translating Reseach Into Practice
Overcoming Diagnostic Barriers and Optimizing Long-Term Patient Outcomes
Evolving Roles of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
Individualizing Evidence-Based Care
Best Practices in Combination Therapy
Evolving Approaches to Insulin Based Therapy
Best Practices in Diagnosis and Management
New Strategies for Insulin Replacement Therapy
Consensus and Controversies Around Intensifying Noninsulin Therapy
Clinical Updates in LDL-C Management
Improving Comprehensive Patient Care
An Evolving Role for Combinations of Injectable Antihyperglycemic Therapies
Integrating PCSK9 Inhibitors Into Hypercholesterolemia Management
Evolving Roles of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
Looking Beyond Hemoglobin A1c
What You Need to Know
Mechanistic Insights and Evolving Treatment Options
Implications for PCSK9 Inhibitors in Clinical Practice
Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes With SGLT2 Inhibitors
Reducing LDL-C and a Lifetime of Cardiovascular Risk